From half marathon to marathon: how to train

Two focused individuals running in a scenic outdoor park, embodying strength, resilience, and determination in their training for a marathon.

Making the Leap: From Half Marathon to Full Marathon Training

Stepping up from a half marathon to a full marathon is a significant yet achievable goal for many runners. It requires not just an increase in mileage but also adjustments in training intensity, nutrition, and mental preparation. Here’s how to successfully transition from 13.1 to 26.2 miles.

Build a Strong Base

Before you even start marathon-specific training, ensure you have a solid running base. This means consistently running 25-30 miles per week for at least a few months. A strong base helps your body adapt to the demands of marathon training and reduces the risk of injury.

Increase Your Mileage Gradually

When training for a marathon, you’ll need to increase your weekly mileage, but it’s crucial to do this gradually. Follow the 10% rule: don't increase your weekly mileage by more than 10% each week. This helps prevent overuse injuries and allows your body to adapt to the increased load.

Incorporate Long Runs

Long runs are the cornerstone of marathon training. Start with distances you're comfortable with from your half marathon training, then gradually extend your long runs. Aim to reach 18-20 miles for your longest run before tapering. These runs should be at a slow, conversational pace, allowing you to build endurance without burning out.

Back-to-Back Long Runs

Some runners find it beneficial to incorporate back-to-back long runs on the weekend. This simulates running on tired legs, which you’ll experience in the latter stages of the marathon. For example, run 10 miles on Saturday and 16 on Sunday.

Introduce Speed Work and Tempo Runs

Marathon training isn’t just about logging miles. Incorporate speed work, such as intervals or fartlek sessions, and tempo runs to improve your pace and overall running efficiency. Speed work improves your leg turnover and running economy, while tempo runs help you maintain a steady pace for longer periods.

Sample Speed Workouts

1. Interval Training: 6x800 meters at 5K pace with 400-meter jogs in between.

2. Fartlek: 10 minutes warm-up, 20 minutes of alternating between 1 minute hard and 1 minute easy, followed by a 10-minute cool-down.

Focus on Recovery

Recovery is a crucial aspect of marathon training. As your mileage increases, so does the strain on your body. Ensure you're getting adequate sleep, nutrition, and hydration. Incorporate rest days and consider active recovery activities like yoga or swimming to keep your muscles fresh.

Rest and Cross-Training

Don’t underestimate the power of rest. Schedule at least one full rest day per week. Cross-training can be beneficial on non-running days. Cycling, swimming, or strength training can improve overall fitness and reduce the risk of injury without adding extra stress on your legs.

Dial in Your Nutrition

Nutrition becomes even more critical as you move up to marathon distance. Ensure you're fueling your body properly before, during, and after runs. Carbohydrates are your primary fuel source, so incorporate plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables into your diet.

During Long Runs

Practice your race day nutrition during your long runs. This might include energy gels, chews, or sports drinks. Find out what works best for your stomach and energy needs. This practice will help you avoid gastrointestinal issues on race day.

Mental Preparation

Running a marathon is as much a mental challenge as a physical one. Long runs are an opportunity to build mental resilience. Practice positive self-talk, visualization, and breaking the race into smaller, manageable sections. These strategies can be crucial in getting you through the tough miles on race day.

Visualization Techniques

Spend time visualizing different parts of the marathon, especially the tough spots like miles 18-22. Picture yourself overcoming fatigue, staying strong, and crossing the finish line with a sense of accomplishment.

Tapering for Race Day

The taper period, typically the last two to three weeks before the marathon, is essential for recovery and ensuring you're at your best on race day. Gradually reduce your mileage while maintaining intensity through shorter, faster runs. This allows your muscles to recover fully while keeping your legs sharp.

The Final Week

In the final week, keep your runs short and easy. Focus on rest, nutrition, and mental preparation. Avoid the temptation to do too much—trust the training you’ve put in and allow your body to rest and recharge.

Race Day Strategy

On race day, pace yourself wisely. Start slower than your goal pace to conserve energy for the latter stages of the race. Stick to your nutrition plan and stay hydrated. Remember, the marathon really begins at mile 20—this is where your training and mental toughness will carry you through.

Dealing with the Wall

'The wall' is a common experience for marathoners, typically occurring around miles 18-22. It’s the point where glycogen stores are depleted, and fatigue sets in. Having a strong fueling strategy and mental resilience can help you push through this challenging phase.

Conclusion

Transitioning from a half marathon to a full marathon is a challenging but rewarding journey. By gradually increasing your mileage, incorporating speed work, focusing on recovery, and dialing in your nutrition, you can successfully make the leap to 26.2 miles. Remember that marathon training is as much about mental strength as it is about physical endurance. With the right preparation, you’ll be ready to conquer the marathon distance and cross the finish line with confidence.

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